Prova.

codice:
<?php

function ricerca($val, $an_array) {
	foreach($an_array as $key => $subArr) {
		if (in_array($val,$subArr)) return $key;
	}
	return -1;
}

	
$array = array (  
0 => array ( 'id' => '9', 'gallery_id' => '2', 'picture' => '56475832.jpg' ), 
1 => array ( 'id' => '8', 'gallery_id' => '2', 'picture' => '20083622.jpg' ),  
2 => array ( 'id' => '7', 'gallery_id' => '2', 'picture' => '89001465.jpg' ),  
3 => array ( 'id' => '6', 'gallery_id' => '2', 'picture' => '47360232.jpg' ),  
4 => array ( 'id' => '5', 'gallery_id' => '2', 'picture' => '4876713.jpg' ),  
5 => array ( 'id' => '4', 'gallery_id' => '2', 'picture' => '5447392.jpg' )  
);

$str ='4876713.jpg';

print ricerca($str,$array);
print "
";
print ricerca(8,$array);