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  1. #1

    Problemi a caricare immagine bmp 24 bit in C

    Ciao a tutti, devo caricare una immagine bmp a 24 bit in C na ho dei problemi. Ho trovato questa funzione che però funziona per i file bmp 24 bit. Quindi dovrei aggiustare offset e altri valori. Il codice è il segunte:
    codice:
     
    //La funzione create_allocate_bmp_file setta l'altezza e la larghezza dell'immagine bmp.    
    
    create_allocate_bmp_file(file_name, file_header, bmheader)    
       char  *file_name;    
       struct bmpfileheader *file_header;    
       struct bitmapheader  *bmheader; 
      {    
      char buffer[100];    
      int  i, pad = 0;    
      FILE *fp;     
      pad = calculate_pad(bmheader->width);     
      bmheader->size =  40; //questo dovrebbe rimanere invariato con 24 bit                             bmheader->planes  =   1;    
      bmheader->bitsperpixel =   8; //ovviamento questo 24    
      bmheader->compression  =   0;    
      bmheader->sizeofbitmap = bmheader->height * (bmheader->width + pad); //questo rimane invariato???    
      bmheader->horzres      = 300;    
      bmheader->vertres      = 300;    
      bmheader->colorsused   = 256; //dovrebbe rimanere invariato    
      bmheader->colorsimp    = 256; //dovrebbe rimanere invariato     
      file_header->filetype     = 0x4D42;    
      file_header->reserved1    =  0;    
      file_header->reserved2    =  0;    
      file_header->bitmapoffset = 14 + bmheader->size +  bmheader->colorsused*4;                  //l'offset cambia?????    
      file_header->filesize     = file_header->bitmapoffset + bmheader-> sizeofbitmaps
      if((fp = fopen(file_name, "wb")) == NULL){       
          printf("\nERROR Non è possibile creare il file %s",              file_name);       
          exit(2);    }    
     //Scrive i primi 14 bytes del file header bmp.      
      insert_ushort_into_buffer(buffer, 0, file_header->filetype);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 2, fp); //signature, must be 4D42 hex.    
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, file_header->filesize);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //size of BMP file in bytes.     
    
      insert_short_into_buffer(buffer, 0, file_header->reserved1);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 2, fp); //reserved, must be 0.     
    
      insert_short_into_buffer(buffer, 0, file_header->reserved2);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 2, fp); //reserved, must be 0.     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, file_header->bitmapoffset);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //offset to start of image data in bytes.     
    
    // Scrive i successivi 40 bytes del  bitmap header.    
    
       insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->size);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //sizeof bitmap header structure, must be 40.     
    
      insert_long_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->width);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //image width in pixels.     
    
      insert_long_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->height);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //image height in pixels.     
    
      insert_ushort_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->planes);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 2, fp); //number of planes in the image, must be 1.     
    
      insert_ushort_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->bitsperpixel);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 2, fp); //number of bits per pixel, must be 24.     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->compression);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //compression type.     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->sizeofbitmap);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //size of image data in bytes (including padding).     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->horzres);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //horizontal resoltuion in pixels per meter (unreliable).     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->vertres);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //vertical resoltion in pixels per meter (unreliable).     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->colorsused);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp);// number of colors in image, or zero.     
    
      insert_ulong_into_buffer(buffer, 0, bmheader->colorsimp);    
      fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, fp); //number of important colors, or zero. 
    
     //Scrive una tabella dei colori bianca. Ha 256 entrate (numero di colori) che sono ognuno 4 
    
      bytes     buffer[0] = 0x00;     
      for(i=0; i<(256*4); i++)       
         fwrite(buffer, 1, 1, fp);  
    //Scrive una immagine vuota.     
      buffer[0] = 0x00;     
      for(i=0; i<bmheader->sizeofbitmap; i++)       
         fwrite(buffer, 1, 1, fp);     
    fclose(fp);  }
    E' da più di una settimana che vado avanti e ormai non so più dove sbattare la testa. Qualcuno sa dirmi dove sbaglio? Quando salvo l'immagine poi mi si salva un'immagine danneggiata che non si riesce ad aprire. RIngrazio in anticipo.

  2. #2
    Utente di HTML.it L'avatar di linoma
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    Mar 2010
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    Prova se riesci con questo

    oppure questo direttamente da MSDN.


    Codice PHP:
    Many applications store images permanently as files. For exampledrawing applications store picturesspreadsheet applications store chartsCAD applications store drawings, and so on

    If 
    you are writing an application that will store a bitmapped image in a fileyou should use the Windows file format described in Bitmap StorageIn order to store a bitmap in this formatyou must initialize a BITMAPINFO structure (consisting of a BITMAPFILEHEADER structure and an array of RGBQUAD structures), as well as an array of palette indices
    The following example code defines a function that allocates memory for and initializes members within a BITMAPINFOHEADER structure

    PBITMAPINFO CreateBitmapInfoStruct(HWND hwndHBITMAP hBmp) {  
        
    BITMAP bmp
        
    PBITMAPINFO pbmi
        
    WORD    cClrBits
     
        
    /* Retrieve the bitmap's color format, width, and height. */ 
     
        
    if (!GetObject(hBmpsizeof(BITMAP), (LPSTR)&bmp)) 
            
    errhandler("GetObject"hwnd); 
     
     
        
    /* Convert the color format to a count of bits. */ 
     
        
    cClrBits = (WORD)(bmp.bmPlanes bmp.bmBitsPixel); 
     
        if (
    cClrBits == 1
            
    cClrBits 1

        else if (
    cClrBits <= 4
            
    cClrBits 4
        else if (
    cClrBits <= 8
            
    cClrBits 8
        else if (
    cClrBits <= 16
            
    cClrBits 16
        else if (
    cClrBits <= 24
            
    cClrBits 24
        else 
            
    cClrBits 32
     
        
    /* 
         * Allocate memory for the BITMAPINFO structure. (This structure 
         * contains a BITMAPINFOHEADER structure and an array of RGBQUAD data 
         * structures.) 
         */ 
     
        
    if (cClrBits != 24
             
    pbmi = (PBITMAPINFOLocalAlloc(LPTR

                        
    sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 
                        
    sizeof(RGBQUAD) * (2^cClrBits)); 
     
        
    /* 
         * There is no RGBQUAD array for the 24-bit-per-pixel format. 
         */ 
     
        
    else 
             
    pbmi = (PBITMAPINFOLocalAlloc(LPTR
                        
    sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); 
     
     
     
        
    /* Initialize the fields in the BITMAPINFO structure. */ 
     
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biSize sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biWidth bmp.bmWidth

        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biHeight bmp.bmHeight
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biPlanes bmp.bmPlanes
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biBitCount bmp.bmBitsPixel
        if (
    cClrBits 24
            
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biClrUsed 2^cClrBits
     
     
        
    /* If the bitmap is not compressed, set the BI_RGB flag. */ 
     
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biCompression BI_RGB
     
        
    /* 
         * Compute the number of bytes in the array of color 
         * indices and store the result in biSizeImage. 
         */ 

     
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = (pbmi->bmiHeader.biWidth 7) /
                                      
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biHeight 
                                      
    cClrBits
     
        
    /* 
         * Set biClrImportant to 0, indicating that all of the 
         * device colors are important. 
         */ 
     
        
    pbmi->bmiHeader.biClrImportant 0
     
        return 
    pbmi
     

     

    The following example code defines a function that initializes the remaining structuresretrieves the array of palette indicesopens the filecopies the data, and closes the file

    void CreateBMPFile(HWND hwndLPTSTR pszFilePBITMAPINFO pbi,  
                      
    HBITMAP hBMPHDC hDC
     { 
     
        
    HANDLE hf;                  /* file handle */ 
        
    BITMAPFILEHEADER hdr;       /* bitmap file-header */ 
        
    PBITMAPINFOHEADER pbih;     /* bitmap info-header */ 
        
    LPBYTE lpBits;              /* memory pointer */ 
        
    DWORD dwTotal;              /* total count of bytes */ 
        
    DWORD cb;                   /* incremental count of bytes */ 
        
    BYTE *hp;                   /* byte pointer */ 

        
    DWORD dwTmp
     
     
        
    pbih = (PBITMAPINFOHEADERpbi
        
    lpBits = (LPBYTEGlobalAlloc(GMEM_FIXEDpbih->biSizeImage);
        if (!
    lpBits
             
    errhandler("GlobalAlloc"hwnd); 
     
        
    /* 
         * Retrieve the color table (RGBQUAD array) and the bits 
         * (array of palette indices) from the DIB. 
         */ 
     
        
    if (!GetDIBits(hDChBMP0, (WORDpbih->biHeight
                       
    lpBitspbiDIB_RGB_COLORS)) 
            
    errhandler("GetDIBits"hwnd); 

     
        
    /* Create the .BMP file. */ 
     
        
    hf CreateFile(pszFile
                       
    GENERIC_READ GENERIC_WRITE
                       (
    DWORD0
                       (
    LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTESNULL
                       
    CREATE_ALWAYS
                       
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
                       (
    HANDLENULL); 
     
        if (
    hf == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
            
    errhandler("CreateFile"hwnd); 
     
        
    hdr.bfType 0x4d42;        /* 0x42 = "B" 0x4d = "M" */ 
     
        /* Compute the size of the entire file. */ 

     
        
    hdr.bfSize = (DWORD) (sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
                     
    pbih->biSize pbih->biClrUsed 
                     
    sizeof(RGBQUAD) + pbih->biSizeImage); 
     
        
    hdr.bfReserved1 0
        
    hdr.bfReserved2 0
     
        
    /* Compute the offset to the array of color indices. */ 
     
        
    hdr.bfOffBits = (DWORDsizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
                        
    pbih->biSize pbih->biClrUsed 
                        
    sizeof (RGBQUAD); 
     
        
    /* Copy the BITMAPFILEHEADER into the .BMP file. */ 

     
        
    if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPVOID) &hdrsizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 
           (
    LPDWORD) &dwTmp, (LPOVERLAPPEDNULL)) 
           
    errhandler("WriteFile"hwnd); 
     
        
    /* Copy the BITMAPINFOHEADER and RGBQUAD array into the file. */ 
     
        
    if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPVOIDpbihsizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER
                      + 
    pbih->biClrUsed sizeof (RGBQUAD), 
                      (
    LPDWORD) &dwTmp, (LPOVERLAPPEDNULL)) 
           
    errhandler("WriteFile"hwnd); 
     
        
    /* Copy the array of color indices into the .BMP file. */ 

     
        
    dwTotal cb pbih->biSizeImage
        
    hp lpBits
        while (
    cb MAXWRITE)  { 
                if (!
    WriteFile(hf, (LPSTRhp, (int) MAXWRITE
                              (
    LPDWORD) &dwTmp, (LPOVERLAPPEDNULL)) 
                    
    errhandler("WriteFile"hwnd); 
                
    cb-= MAXWRITE
                
    hp += MAXWRITE
        } 
        if (!
    WriteFile(hf, (LPSTRhp, (int) cb
             (
    LPDWORD) &dwTmp, (LPOVERLAPPEDNULL)) 
               
    errhandler("WriteFile"hwnd); 

     
        
    /* Close the .BMP file. */ 
     
        
    if (!CloseHandle(hf)) 
               
    errhandler("CloseHandle"hwnd); 
     
        
    /* Free memory. */

        
    GlobalFree((HGLOBAL)lpBits);

    Per gli Spartani e Sparta usa spartan Il mio github

  3. #3
    il mio problema è capire se file_header->bitmapoffset devo metterlo a 54 e se si cosa devo mettere sulla size del bitmap?? per le bitmap 8 bit è bmheader->height* (bmheader->width + padding) ma con i 24 bit?

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